Diferencias

Muestra las diferencias entre dos versiones de la página.

--- configs [2020/04/16 15:59] – [ip command] gregkedro
+++ configs [2020/04/17 16:49] (actual) – gregkedro
@@ Línea 368: / Línea 368: @@
 **Debian Method** (as root):
 <code>
-/etc/init.d/networking restart  # Restart network interface, or stop/start...
+/etc/init.d/networking restart  # Restarts network interfaces, or stop/start...
-/etc/init.d/networking stop     # Stops network interface
+/etc/init.d/networking stop     # Stops network interfaces
-/etc/init.d/networking start    # Starts network interface
+/etc/init.d/networking start    # Starts network interfaces
 systemctl restart networking    # For those with lovely systemd
 systemctl status network        # See status of network systemd
 </code>
+===== ifupdown vs. ifconfig =====
+**Debian, overview:**
+  * ''ifup'' and ''ifdown'' control interfaces that are listed in ''/etc/network/interfaces''.
+  * ''ifconfig'' directly controls network interfaces (much like the newer ''ip'' command)
+**The** ''ifupdown'' **package:** high-level network configuration
+  * The ''ifup'' and ''ifdown'' commands may be used to configure or deconfigure network interfaces based on interface definitions in the file ''/etc/network/interfaces''.
+  * Example: bring up the network with ''ifup eth0'' based on eth0 configuration in ''/etc/network/interfaces''.
+  * ''ifupdown'' will wrap ''ifconfig'' with the network configuration files (i.e., ''ifdown'' or ''ifup'' will execute ''ifconfig down'' or ''ifconfig up'' inside it). That means:
+    * ''ifup eth0'' will fetch the interface config file and bring up the interface with the correct IP address, mask, routes etc.
+    * ''ifconfig eth0'' up would just start the interface **//with no IP//**, etc. (important for sniffing in monitor mode because you don't want an IP address, etc.; you want an open broadcase).
+**The** ''ifconfig'' **command:** a low-level network command (and deprecated, sadly)
+  * An ''ifconfig up eth0'' activates eth0 but does not setup IP addresses, etc.
+  * An ''ifup eth0'' sets up IP addresses and other options based on the interface's configuration in ''/etc/network/interfaces''.
 ===== ip command =====
-**Usage of the ''ip'' command:**
+**Usage of the** ''ip'' **command:**
   * If your distro did not install ifconfig, you can install it in Debian with ''apt install net-tools''.
-  * Or you can use the horridly ugly syntax for ''ip'' (complex and hard-to-understand help can be found [[https://www.howtogeek.com/657911/how-to-use-the-ip-command-on-linux/|here]]).
+  * Or you can use the horridly ugly syntax for ''ip'' (complex and hard-to-understand help can be found [[https://www.howtogeek.com/657911/how-to-use-the-ip-command-on-linux/|here]] or an easier-to-understand explanation [[https://www.tecmint.com/ip-command-examples/|here]]).
   * From the following example you will need to replace the IP and the interface with your own.
@@ Línea 392: / Línea 409: @@
 <code>ip route add default via 192.168.0.1</code>
-[1-3] All in one place... looks like this:
+**[1-3] All in one place... looks like this:**
 <code>
 ip addr add 192.168.0.100/24 dev eth0
@@ Línea 399: / Línea 416: @@
 </code>
-Note: This will only set up your network for your current work session. You'll lose it on reboot.
+**Note on Persistence:** This will only set up your network for your current work session. You'll lose it on reboot.
+  * ''ip'' (like the old net-tools ''ifconfig'' stuff) interacts with ''/etc/network/interfaces'', so put all your network configuration information there and just up/down your network with these commands:
+<code>
+/etc/init.d/networking restart  # Restarts network interfaces, or stop/start...
+/etc/init.d/networking stop     # Stops network interfaces
+/etc/init.d/networking start    # Starts network interfaces
+</code>
+----
+======= Kali: root =======
+Kali made the spectacular decision to [[https://www.kali.org/news/kali-default-non-root-user/|drop the default root policy]] and then not even allow you to configure a root password (i.e., log in as root) when you install.
+  * When you install Kali Linux, you’ll be asked to create non-root user that will have admin privileges. Tools and commands that require root access will be run with sudo.
+  * So you have to type sudu... sudo... sudo... sudo... (really, guys??).
+To configure password-less root rights for your normal user (but you still have no access to applications that are only in root's PATH):
+<code>
+sudo apt install kali-grant-root
+sudo dpkg-reconfigure kali-grant-root
+</code>
+Better: Unlock the root login. Just give root a password, log out, then log in as root:
+<code>
+sudo su -  # do this as a normal user, give your password; you become root
+passwd     # add a password to root's account; log out, log in, shiny
+</code>
+Ah... happiness again in the land of hacker [[https://www.kansascityzoo.org/ouranimals/list-of-animals/king-penguin/|penguins]]...
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